Z28.31

Underimmunization for COVID-19 status

FY2027Chapter 21: Factors influencing health status and contact with health services/Z20–Z29 Persons with potential health hazards related to communicable diseases

Non-billable headerNot valid on its own. Use one of the more specific codes under it.

Z28.31 is a non-billable ICD-10-CM code header for underimmunization for COVID-19 status. Report a more specific code from it instead. It is part of the FY2027 code set, effective October 1, 2026. The more specific codes under it are Z28.310 Unvaccinated for COVID-19 and Z28.311 Partially vaccinated for COVID-19. Its coding notes include a Use additional code instruction and a Code also instruction.

Use additional code

Add the listed code as a secondary code, if known.

Inherited from Z28.3 Underimmunization status
  • code, if applicable, to identify:
    • immunization not carried out because of contraindication (Z28.0-)
    • immunization not carried out because of patient decision for other and unspecified reason (Z28.2-)
    • immunization not carried out because of patient decision for reasons of belief or group pressure (Z28.1)
    • immunization not carried out for other reason (Z28.8-)

Code also

Two codes may be needed to describe the condition. This note gives no sequencing order.

Inherited from Z28 Immunization not carried out and underimmunization status
  • , if applicable, encounter for immunization safety counseling (Z71.85)

Includes

Further defines or gives examples of the content of the category.

Inherited from Z28 Immunization not carried out and underimmunization status
  • vaccination not carried out

Notes

This code
  • These codes should not be used for individuals who are not eligible for the COVID-19 vaccines, as determined by the healthcare provider.
Also from chapter/block level (3 notes)
Inherited from Chapter 21 Factors influencing health status and contact with health services
  • Z codes represent reasons for encounters. A corresponding procedure code must accompany a Z code if a procedure is performed. Categories Z00-Z99 are provided for occasions when circumstances other than a disease, injury or external cause classifiable to categories A00-Y89 are recorded as 'diagnoses' or 'problems'. This can arise in two main ways:
    • (a) When a person who may or may not be sick encounters the health services for some specific purpose, such as to receive limited care or service for a current condition, to donate an organ or tissue, to receive prophylactic vaccination (immunization), or to discuss a problem which is in itself not a disease or injury.
    • (b) When some circumstance or problem is present which influences the person's health status but is not in itself a current illness or injury.

Alphabetic Index terms

Terms the official Alphabetic Index lists for this code. 4 entries

More specific codes under Z28.31 2